7.3 ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS:
1. Why does Global warming cause drought.
Ans. Global warming is the increase in temperature of the earth. This disturbs the water cycle and may reduce rainfall thereby causing drought.
2. One difference between Wildlife sanctuary and Biosphere reserve.
Ans. Wildlife sanctuary is a reserve area where wild animals are protected and preserved. Biosphere reserves are the areas meant for conservation of biodiversity, i.e., variety of plants, animals and microorganisms.
3. What is the role of small animals in the ecosystem. Ans. The role of small animals is important because they form a part of the food chain and food webs.
4. Name the flora and fauna of Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve.
Ans. Flora – Sal, teak, mango, jamun, silver fern, arjun.
Fauna – Chinkara, blue bull, barking deer, cheetah, leopard, wild dog, wolf.
5. Name two endemic flora and endemic fauna of Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve.
Ans. Endemic flora – Sal and wild mango,
Endemic fauna – Bison, Indian giant squirrels and flying squirrels.
6. What is meant by desertification.
Ans. Desertification is the process of gradual conversion of fertile lands into deserts.
7. What are Rock shelters . Where are they found.
Ans. Rock shelters are found inside the Satpura National Park. These are the prehistoric evidences of human life in these jungles, which give us an idea about the life of primitive humans.
8. What is Project Tiger. What is its objective
Ans. Project Tiger was launched on 1st April 1973 by our government to protect the tigers of the country.
9. Why should paper be saved
Ans. We should save paper because it takes 17 full grown trees to make one ton of paper.
10. How can we save paper
Ans. We should reuse used paper and recycle it.
11.How can the resources be conserved
Ans. Resources can be conserved by: not wasting the resources and maintaining their quality
12.Which factors are responsible for cutting of forests.
Ans. As man’s need for land used in housing and farming and wood for fuel and construction increased, he started cutting down forests.
13. How can overgrazing destroy forests:
Ans. Due to overgrazing, the young trees get eaten or killed by trampling. The lower leaves are eaten up and the roots and trunks are injured by cattle.
14. How does vegetation help to conserve water.
Ans. Vegetation slows down the flow of rain water on land and increases the absorption of water by the soil.
15. Give the difference between Red List and Red Data Book.
Ans. The Red List is a compilation of endangered wildlife species. The Red Data Book provides data on population status of the species included in the Red List.
16. What is top soil. Mention two ways by which soil erosion can be prevented.
Ans. Top soil is the layer of soil contains rock particles, living organisms and humus. Soil erosion can be prevented by Contour or step farming, which reduces the flow of water. Planting trees as the roots help to bind the soil.
17. Mention two steps needed for conserving wildlife. Name two endangered species of animals.
Ans. The following steps can be taken to conserve wildlife by preserving the habitat of wildlife and by making hunting regulations and ensuring their effective implementation. Bison and Beaver are two endangered species.
18. Explain three ways to conserve forests.
Ans. Three ways to conserve forests are:
i) Planned harvesting — cutting few trees at a time, so that the uncut trees prevent soil erosion and make seeds.
ii) Protection from fire.
iii) Protection from overgrazing by cattle, sheep, horses, etc.
19. How can the cutting of trees affect the ecological balance of a particular area
Ans.
i) Disturbs the habitat of wild animals, which would lead to extinction of animal.
ii) Promotes soil erosion.
iii) More floods are caused.
iv) Disturbs oxygen – carbon dioxide percentage.
20. What are sanctuaries.
Ans. Sanctuaries are places where killing (poaching) or capturing of any animal is strictly prohibited. Sanctuaries provide protection and suitable living conditions to wild animals