INTRODUCTION
- Acids are sour in taste, turn blue litmus to red, dissolve in water to release H+ ions
E.g. vinegar, hydrochloric acid and sulphuric acid - Acids produce H+ ions when dissolved in water. H+ ions cannot exist alone.
- Acids when dissolved in water release large amounts of heat.
- Bases are bitter in taste, turns red litmus to blue and when dissolved in water releases OH—
- Bases soluble in water are called alkalis. It conducts electricity.
- Indicators are those substances that tell us whether a substance is acidic or basic by a change in colour, smell, etc. For E.g. Litmus solution
- Acid and basic react with each other to produce salt and water.
- Salt is obtained when hydrogen of acids is replaced by the metal.
- Our body works within pH range of 7.0 to 7.8 .
- Tooth decay starts when pH in mouth is lower than 5.5 .
- NaCl: It is an important raw material for making sodium hydroxide, baking soda, washing soda, bleaching powder, etc.