I. Fill in the blank :
1. The number of seats reserved for women in local bodies is one third.
2. The elections to the Urban Local bodies are conducted by State Commissioner .
3. The nominal tenure of Urban Local bodies is 5 years.
4. The administrative head of a municipal co operation is designated as Secretary.
II. Answer in one sentence:
1. When was the city Panaji Corporation Act passed.
Ans : The city of Panajim Corporation Act was passed in 2002.
2. How many municipal councils are there in the state of Goa.
Ans : There are 13 Municipal Councils in the state of Goa.
III. Write brief answers of the following :
1. What is urban local Government.
Ans :
(1) Urban Local Government are institutions constituted for decentralisation of power and the maintenance and planned development of Urban areas.
(2) Its objective is to ensure that people themselves take decisions to achieve suitable
levels of infrastructure and services.
2. Why is decentralisation of power necessary in a democracy.
Ans :
(1) self governing institutions at the local level are essential for national development offers them a unique opportunity to participate in public affairs including development work.
(2) Decentralisation is a political and administrative necessity.
3. What is horizontal decentralisation of power.
Ans :
(1) Horizontal decentralisation of power means the three organs of the government namely the legislature, the judiciary and the executive are separated from each other.
(2) This kind of decentralisation takes place in all the democratic political systems and works well in small countries.
IV. Write brief answers of the following:
1. What were the major reforms introduced by the 74th Constitutional Amendment.
Ans : The 74th Constitutional Amendment Act in 1993 introduced some provisions.
2. Which are common for Urban Local bodies in all states.
Ans :
(1) Constitution of municipality in every Indian state.
(2) Constitution of ward committees within the territorial area of a municipality civic affairs at grass root level.
(3) Regular and fair conduct of municipal elections by statutorily constituted state election commissions, there is no provisions for super session of municipal governments for more than 6 months.
3. Mention the important sources of income of Urban Local bodies.
Ans :
(1) Constituting a state finance commission to review the financial position of municipalities and to make recommendation on the measures needed to improve their financial position.
(2) Through “pay parking’ by providing parking places for vehicles in public places.
(3) Through fairs and exhibitions held in public places.
4. Describe administrative hierarchy of the Urban Government in Goa.
Ans :
(1) The secretary, Urban development is the administrative head of municipal administration.
(2) He is assisted by the Director of Municipal Admiration (DMA) and other officers .
(3) The major heads the Corporation of the City of Panaji (CCP) and chairperson and the municipal council.
5. Write a note on Goa’s Urban Local government.
Ans :
(1) The Urban areas of the state of Goa are administered by the municipal corporation of the city of Panaji and 13 Municipal of council.
(2) The functioning of the municipalities in the state of Goa is governed by the Goa municipalities Act 1968 as amended in 1994.
(3) The one corporation (CCP) in the state is governed by the city of Panaji corporation Act 2002.
6. Explain the composition of local bodies in India.
Ans :
(1) In India self-governing institutions are classified into two types rural and urban .
(2) Urban local self-government include municipal corporations, municipal councils and Nagar panchayats.
(3) The objective is to ensure that people take decisions to achieve suitable levels of infrastructure and services.
V. Write brief answers of the following :
1. What are the obligatory functions of municipalities.
Ans :
(1) Planning for economic and social development.
(2) Urban forestry.
(3) Supply of pure and wholesome water .
(4) Lighting and watering a public streets.
(5) Construction and maintenance of public markets.
2. What are the discretionary functions of municipalities.
Ans :
(1) Slum improvement and up gradation .
(2) Urban poverty alleviation.
(3) Regulation of tanneries.
(4) Planning and maintaining road side and other trees.
(5) Fair and exhibitions.
3. Why is decentralisation of power necessary in a democracy.
Ans :
(1) Self – governing institutions at the local level are essential for national development and for effective peoples participation.
(2) Grass root democracy enables people to feel a sense of responsibility and to inculcate in them the values of democracy.
(3) It also offers them unique opportunities to participate in public affairs.
4. What is vertical decentralization of power.
Ans :
(1) Countries which have a big territory and large and diverse population need to have a vertically decentralized political system.
(2) ‘Grass root democracy’ based on small unit of Govt. enables people to feel a sense of responsibility and to inculcate in them the values of democracy.
5. What are the major features of the 74th Amendment.
Ans :
(1) Constitution of municipalities in every Indian state.
(2) Constitution of ward committees within the territorial area of a municipality to ensure peoples participation in civic affairs at the grass root level.
(3) Constitution of District planning committee at the District level.
6. What are the entries in the Twelfth schedule.
Ans :
(1) Specification by law, through the state legislatures, of the powers (including financial) and functional responsibilities to be entrusted to municipalities and ward committees.
(2) Definition, scope and functions of urban bodies by listing certain subjects in the twelth schedule.