1.3 Additional Questions :
Answer the following questions :
1. What is the north pole and south pole .
Ans: Two points on the globe through which the rod passes are the two poles – north pole and south pole.
2. What is northern hemisphere and southern hemisphere.
Ans: Another imaginary line running on the globe divides it into equal parts. This line is known as the equator. The northern half of the earth is known as the northern hemisphere and the other half is known as the southern hemisphere.
3. Describe a globe.
Ans: Globes may be of varying sizes and some may be big ones, which cannot be carried easily. Small pocket globes, and globes which can be inflated and are handy can be carried with ease. The globe is not fixed, it can be rotated the same way as a top, spin or a potter’s wheel is rotated. On the globe, countries, continents and oceans are shown in their correct size.
4. What are north latitudes and south latitudes?
Ans: All parallels north of the equator are called north latitudes. Similarly all parallels south of the equator are called south latitudes.
5. What are the four important parallels of latitude?
Ans: The four important parallels of latitudes are
a) Tropic of Cancer in the northern hemisphere.
b) Tropic of Capricorn in the southern hemisphere.
c) Arctic Circle at the north of the equator.
d) Antarctica Circle at the south of the equator.
6. Temperate zones have moderate temperatures. Why?
Ans: The angle of sun’s rays goes on decreasing towards the poles. As such, the areas bounded by them, have moderate temperatures.
7. Areas lying between the Arctic circle and the North pole are called frigid zones. Why?
Ans: It is because here the sun does not rise much above the horizon. Therefore, its rays are always slanting. So these are called frigid zones.
8. With the help of a neat figure show the important latitudes and heat zones .
Ans:
9. What is Indian Standard Time (IST)?
Ans: In India, the longitudes of 82½0 E is treated as the standard meridian. The local time at this meridian is taken as the standard time for the whole country, it is known as the Indian Standard Time (IST) .
State what are the following :
1) Axis – it is an imaginary line that makes the earth move.
2) Equator– it is an imaginary line running on the globe and divides the earth into two equal parts.
3) Tropic of Cancer – it is a parallel of latitude at 23½0 north of the equator.
4) Tropic of Capricorn – it is a parallel of latitude at 23½0 south of the equator.
5) Arctic circle – it is a parallel of latitude 66½0 north of the equator.
6) Antarctic circle – it is a parallel of latitude 66½0 south of the equator.
7) Torrid zone – it is the area between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.
8) Temperate zone – it is the area between the tropics and the Arctic and Antarctic circles.
9) Frigid zone – it is the area between the Arctic and the Antarctic circles and the north pole and south pole.
10) Prime Meridian – it is the area from 00 longitudes to 1800 east and west it divides the earth into the eastern and the western hemisphere.