4.2  Text Questions : 

Answer the following questions in one sentence :

1.  Why do we need a political institution?
Ans: We need a political institution to take decisions and implement them.

2.  Who lays down basic rules of this institution?
Ans:
The Constitution of any country lays down the basic rules of this institution.

3.  Who is the Final authority for making laws?
Ans:
The Parliament is the final authority for making laws.

4.  What does Parliament (in Delhi) consist of?
Ans:
The Parliament (in Delhi) consists of two houses namely the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.

5.  Who elects the representatives to Lok Sabha?
Ans:
All adult citizens who are 18 years and above elect the representatives to the Lok Sabha.

6.  Who is the highest formal authority?
Ans:
The parliament is the highest formal authority.

7.  What is the Composition of the Lok Sabha?
Ans:
The Composition of the Lok Sabha is 545 seats (543 + 2), 543 are elected and 2 are nominated.

8.  What is the Composition of the Rajya Sabha?
Ans:
The Composition of the Rajya Sabha is 250.

9.  Who is the head of the Lok Sabha?
Ans:
The  head of the Lok Sabha is the Prime Minister.

10.  Name the 3 organs of the government?
Ans:
The 3 organs of the government are Legislature, Executive and Judiciary.

11.  What does the Legislature do?
Ans:
The Legislature makes laws for the country.

12.  What is the work of the Executive?
Ans:
The work of the Executive is to carry out the laws.

13.  What does the Judiciary do?
Ans:
The Judiciary  administers justice to all.

14.  Why do we need Parliament?
Ans:
We need the Parliament to exercise supreme authority on behalf of the people.

15.  Who appoints the Prime Minister of India?
Ans:
The President invites the leader of the majority party to become the Prime Minister.

16.  What is Coalition Government?
Ans:
When one political party does not get majority seats, two or more political parties come together to form a coalition Government.

17.  When does a bill passed by Parliament become a law?
Ans:
A bill passed by Parliament becomes a law after the assent of the President.

18.  Who elects the President of India?
Ans:
The members of the electoral college consisting of elected members of both Houses of  Parliament and the Legislative Assemblies of the states.

19.  On whose advice does the parliament exercise its powers?
Ans:
On the advice of Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers the Parliament exercises its powers.

20.  What does the Indian Judiciary consist of?
Ans:
The Indian Judiciary consists of the Supreme Court, High Court and the Lower Court.

21.  Which is the Highest Court of India?
Ans:
The Highest Court of India is the Supreme Court.

22.  Who appoints the Judges of the Court?
Ans:
The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court appoints the Judges of the Court.

23.  When can a Supreme or High Court Judge be removed.
Ans:
A Supreme or High Court Judge  can be removed by the President if the Parliament passes a motion against him by an absolute majority.

24.  What is Impeachment Motion?
Ans:
A motion passed separately by two/ third majority of members of the two houses of the Parliament is called an Impeachment Motion.

25.  Who is appointed as the chief Justice of the Supreme Court?
Ans:
The Senior most Judge of the Supreme Court is appointed as the chief Justice of the Supreme Court.

26.  What is the full form of PIL and why it is important?
Ans:
The full form of PIL is Public Interest Litigation. It is important to protect public interest litigation and human rights.

27.  How does public interest litigation help the people?
Ans:
Anyone can approach the courts if public interest is hurt by the actions of Government.

 Answer the following in two to three sentences :

1.  Why do Democratic governments insists on institutions?
Ans:

i) It is not practical for all the people of the democratic government to sit together everyday.
ii) for ensuring security to the citizens.

2.  Why is the Lok Sabha more powerful than the Rajya Sabha?
Ans:

i) It’s representatives are directly elected by the people.
ii) Money bills are only introduced in the Lok Sabha.

3.  Why is money bill introduced in Lok Sabha?
Ans:

i) Public Finance is under the control of the people.
ii) The members of the Lok Sabha represents the people.

4.  The Prime Minister has wide ranging power. Explain
Ans:

i) He chairs the Cabinet meetings.
ii) He distributes and redistributes the work to the ministers.

5.  India has an independent Judiciary? Explain.
Ans:

i) It is not under the control of the legislature of the executive.
ii) Judges do not act on the directions of the government.

6.  India has an integrated Judiciary? Explain.
Ans:

i) The Supreme Court controls the Judicial administration in the country.
ii) The decision are binding on all others court of the country.

7.  How can a Supreme Court or a high court judge be removed from the office?
Ans:

i) By an impeachment motion.
ii) It should be passed by two/ third of the members of both the houses.

8.  Why is the Indian Judiciary very important?
Ans:

i) They have the power to interpret the constitution.
ii) They can declare invalid any law of the legislature.

9.  How does the common man benefit from PIL (public interest litigation) ?
Ans:

i) PIL protects the public interest and human rights.
ii) Anyone can approach if any public interest is hurt by the actions of the government.