1. Why Buddha was known as the wise one.
Ans : The Buddha belonged to a small gana known as Sakya gana, and was a Kshatriya. When he was young man, he left the comfort of his home in search of knowledge, He wondered for several years, meeting and holding discussions with other thinkers. He finally decided to find his own path to realisation, and meditated for days on end under a peepal tree at Bodh Gaya in Bihar, where he attended enlightenment. After that, he was known as Buddha or the Wise One.
2. What are the basic rules of Jainism.
Ans : The basic rules of Jainism are:
(1) The Jains had to beg for food.
(2) They were to be absolutely honest.
(3) They had to be strictly not hurt or kill living beings.
3. What did Mahavira do to attain Enlightenment.
Ans : Mahavira at the age of thirty, left home and went to live in a forest. For twelve years he led a hard and lonely life, at the end of which he attained enlightenment.
4. Why the Mahaviras and the Buddha arranged Sangha.
Ans : Both the Mahavira and Buddha felt that only those who left their homes could gain true knowledge. They arranged Sangha for them to stay together, an association of those who left their homes.
5. Why were the monasteries built.
Ans : As time went on , many supporters of the monks and nuns, and they themselves, felt the need for more permanent shelters and so monasteries were built. These were known as viharas. The earliest viharas were made of wood, and then of bricks. Some were even in caves that were dug out in hills.
Define the following :
1. Tanha :- The desire for more things has been described by Buddha as thirst or ‘ tanha’.
2. Upanishads :- Upanishads were part of the later vedic texts ; which literally means ‘approaching and sitting near’.
3. Atma :- The individual soul which remains permanent in the universe even after death is described as ‘atma’.
4. Ahimsa :- In Jain rule of ahimsa means not hurting or killing living beings.
5. Jainas :- Followers of Mahavira, were known as Jainas.
6. Sangha :- Sangha means an association of those who left their Homes.
7. Vihara :- The monasteries built for monks were known as viharas.
Fill in the blanks :
(1) The most famous thinker of the Jainas is Vardamana Mahavira.
(2) The rules made for the Buddhist sangha were written down in a book called the Vinaya Pitaka.
(3) The word Jaina comes from the term Jina.
(4) The Buddha belonged to a small gana known as the sakya gana.
(5) Panini prepared a grammar for Sanskrit.
Tick the correct answer :
(1) Buddha gave his first teaching at _________.
(1) Lichchhavis (3) Tamil Nadu
(2) Sanath, near Varanasi √ (4) Karnataka
(2) What was the lord Buddhas birth name?
(1) Vardamana (3) Siddartha Gautama √
(2) Zoroaster (4) Satyakarma Jabala
(3) Upanishadic thinker who was famous for her learning.
(1) Prakrit (3) Mahavira
(2) Brahman (4) Gargi √
(4) Teachings of Zoroaster are contained in a book called ______.
(1) The Avesta √ (3) Vinaya Pitaka
(2) Upanishads (4) Valabhi
(5) The Vinaya Pitaka is a sacred text of __________.
(1) the Jainas (3) the Buddists √
(2) the Hindus (4) the Sikhs