4.2 Text Questions :
I. Answer the following questions :
1. What is agriculture.
Ans: It is a primary activity that involves cultivation of crops, fruits, vegetables, flowers and rearing of livestock.
2. Name the factors influencing agriculture.
Ans: Factors influencing agriculture include topography of soil and climate.
3. What is shifting cultivation. What are its disadvantages.
Ans: Shifting cultivation is form of agriculture in which a plot of land is cleared by felling the trees and burning them. The ashes are then mixed with soil and crops are grown. After sometime, the land is abandoned and the farmer move to a different place. It is disadvantageous because it involves deforestation and burning of trees thus it is not good for environment.
4. What is plantation agriculture.
Ans: It is a commercial farming where only a single crop (like tea, coffee, sugarcane, banana, cotton) is grown Large amount of labour and capital is required. The two produce is processed in the farm itself or nearby factories.
5. Name the fibre crops and name the climatic conditions required for their growth.
Ans: Two major fibre crops are jute and cotton. Jute grows well on alluvial soil and requires high temperature, heavy rainfall and humid climate for its growth. Cotton needs high temperature, light rainfall and bright sunshine for its growth.
II. Tick the correct answers :
i) Horticulture means :
a) Growing of fruits and vegetables √ b) Primitive farming c) Growing of wheat
ii) Golden fibre refers to :
a) Tea b) Cotton c) Jute √
iii) Leading producers of coffee
a) Brazil √ b) India c) Russia
III. Give Reasons :
1. In India agriculture is primary activity.
Ans: Agriculture is an activity of growing crop, fruits, vegetables, flowers and rearing livestock. It is primary activity since it directly involves in natural resources. In India, huge number of people are dependent on this activity for their living. Due to lack of literacy in general, farmers prefer agriculture since they acquire the required skills from their ancestors and so feel comfortable with it.
2. Different crops are grown in different regions.
Ans: The growing of crops depend on a lot of factors, climate, rainfall, humidity etc. are important factors. In absence of certain conditions, it may not be possible to grow a certain crop. So, different crops are grown in different regions.
IV. Distinguish between the followings:
i) Primary activity and Tertiary activity.
ii) Subsistence farming and intensive farming.
i) Ans:
| Primary activity | Tertiary activity |
| 1. Activities which involves direct extraction and production of natural resource.
2. Eg: Agriculture, fishing and gathering.
|
1. Activities which provide support the primary and secondary sectors through services.
2. Eg: Transport, trade, banking and insurance. |
ii) Ans :
| Subsistence farming | Intense farming |
| 1. It uses low levels of technology and house hold labour. The output produced is small. | 1. It uses simple tools and more labour to cultivate a small plot of land.
|